不同光温敏核不育水稻对低温耐受度的差异比较研究

A comparative study on the low temperature tolerability of different photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile lines in rice

【目的】探讨光温敏核不育水稻低温耐受度的影响因素,为选育不育性稳定的光温敏核不育水稻提供理论依据。【方法】以光温敏核不育水稻籼S、N28S、安农S、培矮64S、N9S、N2S为材料,利用人工气候箱对处于育性敏感期的各不育系分别进行持续3、7、10 d的21和23℃低温处理,通过调查花粉育性来研究各不育系对短期低温的耐受度差异。【结果】各不育系对低温耐受程度的强弱次序为:籼S、N28S>安农S>培矮64S>N9S、N2S。其中无花粉型不育系籼S、N28S、安农S低温处理3 d时花粉均为不育;持续7 d时,除安农S出现可育花粉外,籼S、N28S花粉育性均为0;持续10 d时,安农S的花粉可育率高于持续7 d的处理,并且籼S和N28S转为可育;典败型不育系培矮64S、N9S、N2S经过持续3、7、10 d的低温处理,除培矮64S经23℃低温处理3 d的花粉不育外,其他均出现可育花粉,且花粉的可育程度随着低温处理时间的延长和低温强度的加大而增强。【结论】光温敏核不育系对短期低温的耐受度除与不育临界温度有关外,还可能与花粉败育方式有关,低不育临界温度的无花粉型不育系的不育性较稳定。在实用型光温敏核不育水稻的选育过程中,可多关注低不育临界温度的无花粉型不育系选育。

【Objective】To study the low temperature tolerability of different photo-thermo sensitive genic male sterile（ PTGMS） lines in rice so as to provide a basis for breeding and utilizing of the PTGMS lines with stable male sterility. 【Method 】At the temperature sensitive stages,the PTGMS lines of Xian S,N28 S,Annong S,Peiai64 S,N9S and N2 S were treated at 21 and 23 ℃ for 3,7 and 10 d in the plant growth chambers,respectively. The pollen fertilities of these PTGMS lines were investigated for 30 d after they were transferred to the outside of plant growth chamber to analyze their low temperature tolerability.【Result】The low temperature tolerability order of these PTGMS lines was Xian S,N28 S Annong S Peiai64S N9 S,N2S. The non-pollen type PTGMS lines of Xian S,N28 S and Annong S produced no fertile pollens after treated at 21 and 23 ℃ for 3 d. Xian S and N28 S were still completely sterile,while Annong S produced some fertile pollens after treated at 21 and 23 ℃ for 7 d. After treated at 21 and 23 ℃ for10 d,Xian S and N28 S produced some fertile pollens,and Annong S produced more fertile pollens compared with that for 7 d. However,the typical abortion type PTGMS lines of Peiai64 S,N9S and N2 S produced some fertile pollens after treated at 21 and 23 ℃ for 3,7 and 10 d respectively,except forPeiai64 S after treated at 23 ℃ for 3 d. The percentage of fertile pollen increased with the continuous extension of time and the temperature dropping. 【Conclusion】The low temperature tolerability of the PTGMS line relates to the type of pollen abortion besides the critical temperature inducing sterility（ CTIS）,and the non-pollen type PTGMS line with low CTIS shows stable male sterility. It should be paid more attentions to the non-pollen type PTGMS lines with low CTIS in the breeding process of the practical PTGMS lines.