国外关于化学概念的多元外在表征的研究述评

Review of Research on Multiple External Representations of Chemical Concepts

对国外近15年以来关于学生学习化学概念的多元外在表征做一综述,阐明多元外在表征与化学概念的定义,总结了学生关于化学概念的多元外在表征的特点：这些多元外在表征以计算机为基础,特别是计算机模型比较多;在计算机动画或者模型中,侧重分子水平上的表征即微观表征。进而得到化学概念的多元外在表征的教学启示：教师应该注重化学概念的多元表征教学;各种多元外在表征呈现给学生时要结合学生的实际情况;教师和课程的设计者可以考虑早期引入一些基本的微观表征,以配合探索物质的宏观性质。

This paper reviewed the research on multiple external representations of chemical concepts in recent 15 years,clarified the characteristics of multiple external representations and the definition of chemical concepts,and summarized the characteristics of students＇ multiple external representations of chemical concepts.These characteristics included that the multiple external representations were based on computer,especially computer model focused on the representation of molecule or microscopic representation.Then authors concluded the pedagogical implications of multiple external representations of chemical concepts,including that teachers should pay attention to the teaching of multiple representations of chemical concepts,the actual situation of students should be considered while varieties of multiple external representations were showed and curriculum designers could introduce some basic micro-representation in early stage to cooperate to explore the macroscopic properties of matter.