等价无穷小与合比定律在物理化学教学中的应用

Application of Equivalent Infinitesimal and Theorem of Proportion by Addition and Subtraction in Physical Chemistry Teaching

利用等价无穷小的理论结合物理化学中环境熵变、理想稀溶液溶剂化学势和高聚物的相关概念分析了环境熵变、理想稀溶液溶剂化学势的计算公式和＂黏度法测定高聚物相对分子质量＂实验中的关键理论推导。利用合比定律与物理化学的杠杆规则、离子迁移数等知识点推导出杠杆定律和离子迁移数的相关公式。使抽象的、不易掌握的物理化学知识具体化,便于学生理解、掌握和运用。

Combined with related concepts of environmental entropy change,chemical potential of the ideal dilute solution and polymers in physical chemistry,the theory of equivalent infinitesimal was used to analyze the calculation formula of the environmental entropy change and the chemical potential of the ideal dilute solution,and the key theoretical deduction in the experiment of the determination of the relative molecular mass of high polymer by viscosity method.Through theorem of proportion by addition and subtraction and physical chemistry knowledge of lever rule and ion transference number,the related formulas of the lever rule and ion transference number were derived.These methods could make the abstract and difficult physical chemistry knowledge specific and easy for students to understand,master and apply.