新疆兵团蔬菜瓜果种植现状与发展对策

Status and Development Countermeasures of Vegetable and Fruit Varieties Planted in XPCC

新疆生产建设兵团长期以来肩负屯垦戍边的使命,但特殊的地理分布特征使得兵团种植结构存在地区分割及行政分割现象。1980年以来,兵团蔬菜瓜果的产量水平和总产量均呈单峰趋势;播种总面积均呈现先降低后增加至稳定趋势。兵团的瓜果蔬菜种植主要分布在位于天山北坡核心带六、七、八师和巴州的二师;位于南疆四地州的一师、三师和十四师的蔬菜瓜果播种面积和总产量均低于兵团平均水平;北疆蔬菜种植水平普遍高于南疆,瓜果种植水平北疆大部分师也高于南疆和东疆。蔬菜产业结构不够合理、南北疆单位面积产能差异较大、蔬菜产量波动较大等因素制约着兵团果蔬业发展。因此,建议通过优化区域布局、加大新技术推广力度、加大品牌建设、加快基础设施与物流体系建设等途径助力兵团果蔬产业资源优势的发挥。

Mission of XPCC（Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps）has long been responsible for reclaiming land and guarding the border areas,but special geographical distribution of the cropping structure in XPCC exist the region segmentation and administrative boundary phenomenon.Since 1980,the corps levels of yield and total production of vegetables and fruits were showed single peak trend first decreased and then increased in both the total sowing area to a stable trend.Corps of fruits and vegetables grows mainly sixth,seventh,eighth divisions located in the central zone of the North Slope of Tangshan Mountains and second divisions located in Bazhou.The corps of acreage and total production of vegetables and fruits in four prefectures in Southern Xinjiang including first division,third division and fourteenth division were lower than average.Vegetable cultivation level is generally higher than in Northern Xinjiang,melon cultivation levels most of northern division than Southern and Eastern Xinjiang.Unreasonable these factors restricted the development of XPCC including industrial structure,differences of vegetables per unit area productivity between north and south,parts vegetables yield fluctuations.Therefore,the proposal by optimizing regional distribution and increasing the promotion of new technologies,increasing brand construction,speeding up infrastructure and logistics system,to power play of XPCC industry resource for fruits and vegetables.