欧洲法律多元格局:国别法、欧洲法以及民间法典编纂

Legal Pluralism in Europe: National Laws, European Legislation and Non-Legislative Codifications

欧洲法是一部关于法律多元主义的发展史。早在中世纪的欧洲,罗马共同法就已吸纳了罗马法、教会法以及地方法的多种元素。当下欧盟法也糅合了官方和非官方规则,从而形成多元的法律格局。借助欧洲私法整合运动,相应的"欧洲私法共同原理"和示范法取得了一定的法源地位。然而欧盟政界不仅没有很重视这些非正式法源,反而割裂了"欧盟法"与"欧洲私法共同原理"的内在联系。另一方面,各种示范法文本在促进私法融合的同时也加剧了私法的分歧,因此学者需要进一步提高文本的逻辑性和协调性。

The history of European law has been a history of legal pluralism. In medieval Europe,the commune itself is based on an informal and a formal body of law（Roman law and Canon law）.The paper compares the present state of European private law with the plural structure of early modern law in Europe. The resulting fractions between the formal acquis communautaire and the informal acquis commun are an expression of a new plural structure of modern European private law.The interaction between acquis communautaire and acquis commun should not be overlooked. Under a process of mutual adaptation and revision of the acquis commun and the acquis communautaire,the present intellectual fractions between different bodies of European contract law will be reduced to mere tensions.