我国大学体育价值流变探析

Research on the Evolution and the Future Orientation of Chinese University Sports' Value

采用文献资料法和逻辑归纳法,描述和总结了我国大学体育的价值流变历程。研究认为,在民国时期,国民体质孱弱,健身强国价值得以萌发。解放后到文革前,在继承、发扬根据地和解放区体育传统,接收改造旧体育的基础上,高校体育服务社会和国家的价值凸显。文革时期,高等教育体育事业被强调要绝对地服务于国家和政治需要,直接导致我国大学体育价值被政治化,个体人本价值遗失。改革开放后,大学体育按照学科建制,以学科发展为推手,处于以学科发展价值为主导的阶段。1994年自主择业至今,学科发展与大学生个体人本价值和服务社会价值发展失衡,大学体育缺乏人文关怀,体现出很强的目的性和工具性,使主体价值处于被遮蔽状态,致其价值迷失。未来,大学体育将形成以个体人本价值为主体,以社会服务价值和学科发展价值为两翼的"一体两翼"的价值趋向。

The paper summarized the development process of university sports value in China by using the method of literature and logical analysis. Study shows that the value of people fitness and country prosperity is germinated for the national physical weakness during the Republic of China. From the establishment of new China to the cultural revolution, the consciousness of serving the socie- ty and country highlights on the base of inheriting and developing the tradition and transforming the old sports of the liberation area. During the cultural revolution, the value of sports in higher education is emphasized absolutely on serving the country and political needs, and the value of university sports in China becomes political value totally and the value of the individual loses. After China＇s reform and opening--up, the leading value is the discipline development, the university sports make the discipline development as a driving force to the discipline construction. After the Chinese government＇s shift responsibility of rationing work for graduates in 1994, the discipline development value, the students individual humanistic value and the social development value are out of balance. University sports in China is reflecting as a purpose and a strong tool, rather than humanistic care to college students. The main value is shadowed, even lost in this period. In future, it means that to take the individual value as the main body, the development of the so- cial value and the discipline value as the two wings.