真理与生存的张力——以《约翰福音》和《齐物论》的真理观为例

The Tension of Truth and Existence—— Take the Views of Truth in Gospel of John and Equalizing All Things as a Example

中西思想史上有一个突出的现象,那就是,西方思想史中一直有真理问题的讨论,而中国思想史则极少这方面的文字。通过《约翰福音》和《齐物论》的相关论述可以展示这个思想史现象。简略来说,古希腊思想中的真理情结和恩典真理论提供了真理问题讨论的动力和平台;而庄子的"辩无言"关于真理标准的消极性讨论则淡化乃至取消了读者的真理意识。可以发现,真理与生存息息相关,缺乏真理意识的生存是有缺陷的。在比较研究这一视角中,我们重新回到《齐物论》,认为重新激活中国思想界的真理问题意识是可行的。

There is an outstanding fact in the history of Chinese thought and Western thought combined, that is, the issue of truth has been constantly engaged in the West while little literature of it can be found in Chinese. This paper attempts to demonstrate this historical fact through analyzing certain passages from two important texts, name/y, the Gospel of John and Zhuang Zi＇s Equalizing All Things. Briefly speaking, the truth seeking in Greek philosophy and the conception of redemptive truth in John provide the dynamic and forum for the engagements of the issue of truth. Meanwhile, Zhuang Zi offers a negative discussion about the criteria of truth, which lessens and, to a certain degree, advises to ignore the importance about truth. In this demonstration, we will also find that the issue of truth and human existence are internally connected, and that lacking of truth consciousness will result in an unfinished life. Now, we may raise this question： Is it necessary to stimulate our consciousness about truth in Chinese thought？