小麦田间测产和实际产量转换系数实证研究

Empirical Study on Conversion Factors between Yield Monitoring and Actual Yield of Winter Wheat

小麦田间测产与实际产量的折算系数长期以来一直采用0.85,但是在近些年的实践中,发现实打验收和实收产量往往高于这一系数折算后的理论产量,导致在测产系数是否需要调整及调整幅度上颇存争议。为了深入探讨这一问题,利用连续7年的田间小区试验取样测产和实收产量结果,结合大田取样测产和实打收获案例,对田间取样测产和实收产量之间的转换系数(即测产系数)进行了系统计算和统计分析。结果表明,在使用实测千粒重进行产量估算时,测产系数平均为0.85,而使用常年千粒重时平均为0.92。由于千粒重不同年份间波动较大,因此建议在田间理论测产中使用当年实测千粒重时,折算系数采用0.85;使用常年千粒重时,测产系数采用0.90。

The conversion factor has been used for the yield estimation of winter wheat. In the practice of recent years, it was often found that the estimated yield of winter wheat was lower than the actual yield. Therefore, whether the conversion factor need an adjustment and how much adjustment is appropriate is controversial. To further explore the problem, 7 years experimental field data and the field test examples were used for the system and statistical analysis. The results showed that the conversion factor calculated with thousand-grain weight is 0.85, while it is 0.92 when calculated with perennial thousand-grain weight. For fluctuates of environmental factors, it is suggested that 0.85 and 0.90 is better when estimate the yield of winter wheat with thousand-grain weight and with perennial thousand-grain weight, respectively.