木质素基碳纤维研究进展

Review of research progress on lignin-based carbon fibers

随着化石能源的日益短缺，以化石能源为基础的化学品的短缺问题也随之而来，从而利用生物质基材料补充石油基材料变得日益重要。由于木质素含碳量较高（55％～66％）、可再生、成本低廉，而且分子中含有大量的芳香基团，因此可作为碳纤维原料进行利用。归纳总结了国内外木质素基碳纤维的开发与应用，并对木质素基碳纤维的纺丝液制备工艺及预氧化工艺、碳化工艺以及碳纤维性能特征进行比较详细的阐述与探讨，同时指出木质素基碳纤维制备方法的影响因素及优缺点，并对碳纤维的研究和应用前景进行了展望，为科学、高效利用木质素资源提供参考。

With the growing shortage of global fossil fuel and the subsequent shortfall of chemicals based on fossil energyresources, the using of bio-based materials as the supplement of petroleum-based materials is becoming more and moreimportant. As an aromatic biopolymer, lignin can be used as a precursor for the production of carbon fibers due to it＇s55%-66% carbon content, renewable, and low cost. The progresses of development and application of lignin-basedcarbon fiber in China and abroad were summarized. The preparation of the solution, pre-oxidation, carbonization, andperformance characteristic was discussed in detail. The influence factors as well as the strengths and weaknesses of thepreparation method of lignin-based carbon fiber were also indicated. The research and application prospect of lignin-based carbon fibers can provide a reference for scientific and efficient use of lignin resources.