人类本能视角下运动矫治青少年网络成瘾的作用及机制研究

Research on Effect of Sports Correcting Adolescents with Internet Addiction Disorder and Its Mechanism from the Perspective of Human Instinct

为探寻具有长效作用机制的网瘾干预方法,采用基于本能激活的运动干预法对49名网瘾中学生进行1年干预。分别使用中文网络成瘾量表(CIAS)、中国中学生心理健康量表(MMHI-60)测评其网瘾状况和心理健康状况,以评定干预的疗效。结果显示:该法对网瘾中学生有良好的长期疗效,其须以培养运动兴趣为前提;网瘾形成的内在机制是网络行为激活了本能,只有采用其他能同样激活本能的使人成"瘾"的行为才能取代网瘾;运动有同网络行为一样的本能激活功效,运动成"瘾"可置换网瘾;现有网瘾综合治疗范式长期疗效差的原因,是未从本能视角深入探索网瘾的形成机制和干预途径。结论:心理治疗是防治网瘾要素,而运动是实现该要素疗效的有效途径,是网瘾综合防治中不可或缺的一环;基于"成瘾置换"的生物-心理-社会多学科整合的网瘾防治模式可能是未来防治网瘾的主流方法。

To explore Internet addiction disorder（IAD）intervention method with long-term effect,Instinct-Activated Sports Intervention（IASI）was employed on 49 middle students with IAD for one year.Their IAD status and mental health status were respectively measured and assessed with Chinese Internet Addiction Scale（CIAS）and Mental Health Inventory of Middle-School Students（MMHI-60）,in order to evaluate the curative effect of intervention.The results showed that IASI had good long-term curative effect for the students with IAD,and it should be based on the cultivating of sports interest.The internal mechanism of IAD formation is network behavior activates instinct.Only with other behaviors which can also activate instinct in the same way to make people fall into ＂ addiction＂ could replace IAD.Sports has the function of activating instinct as well as network behavior,so IAD can be replacd by sports ＂addiction＂.The cause of poor long-term curative effect in the existing integrated IAD prevention and treatment paradigms is that the IAD formation mechanism and intervention way have not been explored thoroughly from the perspective of instinct.It can be concluded that psychotherapy is an essential factor to IAD prevention and treatment,and sports is an effective way to achieve the curative effect of the factor,and is an integral part of the integrated IAD prevention and treatment.The biological-psychological-social multidisciplinary integrated IAD prevention and treatment mode based on ＂ addiction displacement＂,is likely to be the mainstream of future IAD prevention and treatment methods.