YLC型游泳拉力测试仪在不同游泳运动员专项力量测试中的应用

Application on YLC Swimming Pulling Strength Tester in Specific Strength Testing for Different Swimmers

在20世纪70年代水中力量能力的训练就受到了美、俄、德等游泳大国的关注,水槽、CFD、滑轮牵引等生物力学技术也逐渐在游泳力量测试的研究中应运而生,我国在20世纪90年代后也陆续开始了相应的研究,并取得一定成果。研究符合当前游泳训练实用、简捷的需求,利用自行研制的YLC型游泳拉力测试仪结合陆上二维拍摄技术,对我国的143名不同年龄和运动水平经历的游泳运动员进行水中最大力量能力检测,考察其5 m蹬壁滑行、7m打腿、7m划手、7m配合游等不同技术环节的最大力值,并进一步分析各环节的最大力量对主项力量的影响和作用;对部分高水平运动员在不同训练时期和训练环境下最大力量的变化情况进行跟踪。研究表明,随着年龄和运动水平的提高,游泳运动员的水中最大力量值会逐级增加;国家集训队男、女运动员都显示出划手的最大力量贡献率明显高于打腿和蹬边滑行,且蝶泳的划手、打腿贡献率普遍高于其他3种泳姿的特性;通过上述方法还可以监测游泳运动员在不同训练时期和训练环境下的最大力量水平以及技术完成情况等。

Training of strength ability in water has been attracted attention by swimming power of USA,Russia and Germany in the 1970s,biomechanics technology such as swimming flume,CFD,pulley traction has appeared in swimming specific strength testing research.China started the corresponding research after 1990 s,and has obtained certain results.This study aim at the need of practical and concise in swimming training,using independently developed YLC swimming pulling strength tester combined with dryland 2 Dcamera to measure maximum strength ability in water for 143 different age and training level swimmers,testing their 5m glide,7m kicking,7m stroke,7m swimming with maximum strength,analyzing the effect of maximum strength to major swimming strength.Tracking the change of maximum strength in different training period and environment for some elite swimmers.The result showed that maximum strength in water could stepped increase with the increasing of age and training level.The rate of contribution in stroke showed significant higher than kicking and glide,and the stroke and kicking contribution rate in butterfly was higher than other three strokes in national swimmers.Using above mentioned method also could measure maximum strength level and tachnique execution in different training period and environment for swimmers.