中国产业结构与就业结构的协调性研究

Research on the Coordination of Chinese Industrial Structure and Employment Structure

产业结构与就业结构演变关系是经济发展的重要研究领域,两者存在非常密切的关系。首先,分析了中国产业结构和就业结构的演进过程,同时与国际理论标准模式做了对比分析,研究发现,中国产业结构与国际理论标准模式基本一致,而中国就业结构的转换要滞后于产业结构。其次,选取结构偏离度、就业弹性和比较劳动生产率等指标,对中国产业结构和就业结构的协调性做了深入研究,结果表明,第一产业发展协调性较差,有大量剩余劳动力没有转移;第二产业发展协调性较好,促进劳动力就业作用明显,但是产业结构和就业结构的协调空间还很大;第三产业发展的协调性最好,吸纳劳动力能力较强,产业结构演变和就业结构转换逐步趋于同步。最后,在分析研究的基础上,提出结论与建议。

The evolution relationship of industrial structure and employment structure is very close,which is an important research area of economic development. Firstly,the paper analyzes the evolution of the industrial structure and employment structure in China. Compared with the standard model of international theory,studies show that chinese industrial structure is basically consistent with the model,and the transformation of employment structure lags behind the industrial structure. Secondly,using the methods of structural deviation analysis,employment elasticity analysis and comparative labor productivity analysis,the paper makes an intensive study on the coordination of the industrial structure and employment structure. The results show that the first industrial development has poor coordination and a large number of surplus labors have not transferred. The second industrial development has better coordination and can promote obvious labor employment,but the coordination space of the industrial structure and employment structure is still very large. The coordination of third industrial development is best and has great capacity to accommodate employment,industrial structure evolution and employment structural transfer gradually tends to be synchronized. Finally,based on the above research,the paper puts forward the conclusion and suggestion.