黑龙江西部半干旱地区高粱品种比较试验

Comparison Experiment of Different Sorghum Varieties in Semi-arid Region of Western Area of Heilongjiang Province

搜集多个地区目前普遍使用的高粱品种,在黑龙江省西部半干旱地区进行田间综合鉴定和品种比较试验,以期筛选出适宜西部半干旱地区种植的高产、优质高粱品种并进行推广。结果表明:龙杂16全生育期较短,产量极显著高于其它品种,淀粉含量高,单宁含量低,是粒用型的优质品种。龙杂5在单宁及淀粉含量上显著高于其它品种,产量仅次于龙杂16,高于对照品种但未达到显著,是优质的酿造型品种。关联度分析表明5个主要农艺性状与产量的关联度依次为:单穗粒重>穗重>穗粒数>千粒重>穗长。因此决定高粱产量的不只是一个农艺性状而是多个农艺性状综合作用的结果,提高产量不仅要全面考虑各农艺性状的综合影响,也要考虑其中起主要作用的部分因素。

In order to filter out and spread out the high-yield and good-quality sorghum varieties suitable for planting in semi-arid region, sorghum varieties used widely in multiple regions in recent years were collected and conducted in field identification and comparison test in the semi-arid region in western of Heilongjiang province. The results showed that the yield of variety of Longza 16 was significantly higher than other varie- ties, and the whole growth period of Longza 16 was shorter, which had higher starch content,lower tannin con- tent. Therefore,the variety of Longza 16 was a high-quality variety of grain types. The yield of the variety of Longza 5 was only lower than the variety of Longza 16, but higher than the control, although the difference was not significant,the content of tannins and starch were higher than the other varieties significantly. So it was a good-quality brewing variety. The results of correlation degree analysis of five major agronomic characters and yield showed grain weight〉panicle weight〉ear kernel number〉 1 000-seed weight〉spike length. To sum up, the yield of sorghum was the result of comprehensive action of multiple agronomic characters,not only one ag- ronomic character. It needed to be considered not only the combined effect of various agronomic traits,but also some of the factors which played an important role, to increase sorghum production.