成都市中老年人社会支持与养老方式选择调查

Investigation on Middle-Aged and Aged People's Social Supporting and Supporting Choice for Old-age in ChengDu

目的:了解成都市中老年人的社会支持水平、养老态度及社会支持对中老年人养老态度的影响。方法:采用问卷调查和访谈法对成都市400名中老年人进行社会支持及养老态度的调查。结果;成都市中老年人社会支持总分(36.93±7.73);其中主观支持(20.78±4.65),客观支持(8.89±2.96),支持利用(7.26±2.30);不同年龄、职业、收入、居住方式的社会支持水平差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);调查人数中80.1%选择家庭养老;不同年龄、职业、收入人群的养老态度差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同社会支持水平者的养老态度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:成都市中老年人社会支持为中等水平;社会支持受年龄、职业、收入和居住方式影响;成都市中老年人养老方式多元化,但以家庭养老为主要形式;中老年人认为机构养老是一种必然趋势,但愿意去养老机构的人占少数;中老年人群对社区养老知晓不够。

Objective： To investigate the social support level and elderly - support attitude of the middle - aged and aged people in Chengdu and study the relationship between social support and elderly- support. Methods： 400 middle- aged and aged people were investigated by ques- tionnaire in Chengdu. Results： The total score of social support was （36.93 ± 7.73 ） ; Subjective support score was （20.78 ± 4.65 ） ; Objective support score was （8.89 ±2.96）. Support using score （7.26 ±2.30）. Support scores had significant difference between different ages, occupa- tions, incomes and life styles. 80.1% of the informant selected family - elderly - support. There was significant difference in elderly - support at- titude between different ages, occupations and incomes. The difference of elderly - support attitude was significant between different levels of so- cial support people. Conclusion： The social support of middle -aged and aged people in Chengdu is in middle level. Social support is influenced by age, occupation, income and life style. The choice of elderly support is various, but family - elderly - support is the main choice. The middle - aged and aged people think that agency - elderly - support is an inevitable trend, but minor people are willing to select it. The middle - aged and aged people lack knowledge of community - elderly - support.