基于非均匀分簇机制的ZigBee混合路由算法

ZigBee hybrid routing algorithm based on uneven clustering mechanism

针对现有Zig Bee网络路由算法存在节点能量消耗不均衡问题,在树路由算法与无线自组网按需距离矢量路由改进(AODVjr)算法的基础上,提出一种基于非均匀分簇机制的Zig Bee混合路由算法。该算法将网络分成若干个非均匀的逻辑簇,使距离协调器越近的簇规模越小,从而减少转发任务,使得能量消耗均衡。在分簇的基础上,将节点之间的传输分为簇内传输与簇间传输。簇内传输采用基于邻居表的树路由算法;簇间传输在基于树路由算法无效的情况下,采用AODVjr算法,找到两个簇首之间的较短路径;同时规定只有簇首节点和网关节点才能广播请求分组(RREQ),可以减少冗余的RREQ分组。仿真结果表明,该算法能有效推迟死亡节点出现的时间,延长网络的生存周期,达到提高网络性能的目的。

The existing ZigBee network routing algorithm has unbalanced energy consumption. To solve the problem,based on the tree routing algorithm and Ad-Hoc On-demand Distance Vector junior（ AODVjr） algorithm, the ZigBee hybrid routing algorithm based on uneven clustering mechanism was proposed. The algorithm divided the network into several uneven logical clusters, the scale of cluster close to the coordinator was smaller, so the forwarding task could be reduced, and the energy consumption was balanced. Based on the clustering, the transmission was divided into transmission within the clusters and between the clusters. Transmission within the clusters used tree routing algorithm based on the neighbor table. While the transmission between the clusters used the AODVjr algorithm, because the tree routing algorithm based on the neighbor table was invalid, which could find out shorter path between two cluster head nodes, in the same time, only the cluster head nodes and gateway nodes could broadcast Route Request（ RREQ） packet, which helped to reduce the redundant RREQ packets.The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively delay the time of the death node and prolong the network lifetime, thus improving the network performance.