川陕苏区军政人员粮食供给问题探究

Food Supplies for the Armies and Officials in Sichuan-Shaanxi Soviet Area

川陕苏区在其存在的两年零四个月中,面对川东北贫瘠的土地、落后的生产方式和蒋介石政府与四川军阀的经济封锁,为了保障庞大的军政人员的粮食供给,采取了多形式、多渠道的粮食筹措办法,如:开展土地革命,实行"红军公田制";向群众和富农征收公粮;对地主、豪绅实行没收,对富农实行强制征发;打破经济封锁,派人到白区购买粮食等。同时,设立专门机构对粮食进行管理;设仓库和粮站集中保存粮食;提倡节约,反对浪费。川陕苏维埃政府和红军在粮食筹措和管理方面的实践为中共早期执政积累了宝贵的经验。

Sichuan- Shaanxi Soviet had only a history of 28 months, but during its life the government took all kinds of measures to find fo7od for the numerous armies and officials though it was confronted with the sterile land, the backward production ways and the economy blockades from Chiang Kai- skek government and Sichuan warlords. The measures include carrying out the agrarian revolution and the ＂communal land among the Red Army＂, imposing the communal food on the mass and rich people, confiscating on the landlords and despotic gentry, breaking out the economy blockade and sending for purchasing food in the area occupied by Kuomintang. Besides, the Soviet established specialized agency to administrate the food, set up the grain depot to keep and called for thriftiness and fought against waste. The practical measures provided priceless lessons for the earlier regime of CPC.