儒家实践智慧的礼学演绎——论朱子的礼学实践观

The Ritual Study of Confucian Practical Wisdom

儒家礼学有着较强的实践性,朱熹出于应对佛老的挑战和纠正当时学界重空谈义理而轻道德实践的流弊的需要,更为强调儒礼的实践特质及其在日常生活中的应用实践。在朱熹看来,"因人之情"的情感原则与"经权相济"的辩证智慧,是儒家礼学在生活实践中得以有效运用的方法论基础。其中,"敬"与"礼宜从厚"是其情感原则的基本内容,"时"与"中"则是构成经权"相济"原则的核心要素。朱子对礼的实践性特质的重视和对礼学实践原则的讨论,为儒家的实践智慧提供了一个情理并重的理论样本。

Confucian rite is characterized by its practicality. In order to cope with the challenges from Buddhists and rectify the wrongness of attaching too much importance to speaking and despising practice,Zhu Xi advocated that more emphasis on the practical characteristics of Confucianism and its application is necessary. In his view,the emotional principle of 'conform to the emotional needs of people'( '因人之情') and the dialectical wisdom of 'moderate change '( '经权相济') is the methodological basis of the Confucian ritual study which are effectively used in our daily life.'Respect'( '敬') and 'more thoughtful etiquette'( '礼宜从厚') are the basic contents of the principle of emotion,while 'moderate'( '中') and 'act according to circumstances'( '时') are the core of the principle of'moderate change'( '经权相济'). Zhu Xi's theory on the practical principles of rites provides a theoretical sample for the practical wisdom of Confucianism.