灰飞虱对噻嗪酮的抗性风险及机理

Resistance risk,cross-resistance and biochemical resistance mechanism of Laodelphax striatellus to buprofezin

为研究灰飞虱对噻嗪酮的抗性发展规律及抗性生化机理,采用稻苗喷雾法对灰飞虱种群进行连续筛选获得高抗性品系,估算其现实遗传力并进行田间抗性风险预测;采用稻苗浸渍法测定杀虫剂对灰飞虱的毒力及交互抗性;利用生物化学方法测定不同品系之间的解毒酶活力,探讨灰飞虱对噻嗪酮的抗性生化机理.结果表明:用噻嗪酮对灰飞虱种群连续筛选32代,其抗性倍数达到168.49倍,现实遗传力h^2为0.11.当杀死率为80%~90%时,预计灰飞虱对噻嗪酮的抗性增长10倍,仅需要5~6代.田间实际的现实遗传力要比室内选择种群估计低一些,预计田间抗性提高10倍所需要时间会更长.交互抗性测定结果表明,灰飞虱抗噻嗪酮品系与吡虫啉和噻虫嗪之间有高水平交互抗性,与啶虫脒有低水平交互抗性,与吡蚜酮和毒死蜱无交互抗性.增效作用和解毒酶活力测定结果显示,抗性品系细胞色素P450单加氧酶活力提高最大,酯酶次之,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶无显著变化.田间使用噻嗪酮防治灰飞虱存在较大抗性风险,可与吡蚜酮和毒死蜱等交替使用以延缓抗性发展;3种解毒酶中,细胞色素P450单加氧酶在灰飞虱对噻嗪酮的抗性发展中起到了重要作用.

In order to investigate the resistance development law and biochemical resistance mechanism of Laodelphax striatellus to buprofezin,spraying rice seedlings was used to continuously screen resistant strains of L. striatellus and dipping rice seedlings was applied to determine the toxicity and cross-resistance of L. striatellus to insecticides. After 32-generation screening with buprofezin,L.striatellus developed 168.49 folds resistance and its reality heritability（h^2） was 0.11. If the killing rate was 80%-90%,L. striatellus was expected to develop 10-fold resistance to buprofezin only after 5 to 6 generations breeding. Because the actual reality heritability of field populations was usually lower than that of the resistant strains,the production of field populations increasing with 10-fold resistance would need much longer time. The results of cross-resistance showed that resistant strain had high level cross-resistance with thiamethoxam and imidacloprid,low level cross-resistance with acetamiprid,and no cross-resistance with pymetrozine and chlorpyrifos. The activity of detoxification enzymes of different strains and the syergism of synergist were measured. The results showed that cytochrome P450 monooxygenase played a major role in the resistance of L. striatellus to buprofezin,the esterase played a minor role and the GSH-S-transferase had no effect. Therefore,L. striatellus would have high risk to develop resistance to buprofezin when used in the field and might be delayed by using pymetrozine and chlorpyrifos.