大规模微藻光生物反应器的研究进展

Development of microalgal photobioreactors for mass cultivation

微藻同时具备CO2固定和有机废水生物净化的双重效果,且微藻生物质在食品、饲(饵)料、生物能源开发等领域受到广泛关注,然而高效的微藻光生物反应器是微藻大规模养殖的重要瓶颈问题之一。本文中,笔者综述了封闭式微藻光生物反应器的类型、基本结构及其优缺点,对开放式微藻光合反应器陆续被改善、研发和试用进行了介绍,同时对开发复合型微藻光合反应器以及采用封闭型微藻光合反应器制种和开放式光合反应器快速生产的微藻养殖模式进行了简述,以期为微藻的大规模培养提供一定参考依据。

Microalgae have been used with double effects on carbon fixation and sewage purification,and also received intensive attention in the field of food,feed and bioenergy production. Howerver,one of the bottlenecks is how to design efficient photobioreactors（ PBRs） in a large-scale microalgal cultivation. We reviewed the major types,basic structures,advantages and disadvantages of the closed PBRs. Besides,the improvement,development and trials of open PBRs were also introduced. Finally,developing the hybrid type PBR,and a coupled system consisting two-stage cultivation processes： to produce the inoculum in closed PBR and then to obtain mass product in open PBR,were briefly summarized. This review provides a reference for large-scale cultivation of microalgae.