中国高校通识教育:回顾与展望

General Education in China:Review and Expectation

自1995年开展文化素质教育以来,很多大学开始自主探索具有素质教育和通识教育价值取向的本科培养模式改革。文化素质教育和通识教育相辅相成,先后历经了发起和推广阶段、改革与探索阶段、深化与提高阶段。目前,通识教育已经呈现出一些新的发展趋势,如通识教育选修课开始由数量增加转向质量提高;通识教育课程的内涵正在扩大;各高校已经形成系列化、高水平、特色化的文化素质"第二课堂";在素质教育理念指导下,一些大学率先进行了通识教育的人才培养模式改革探索等。面向未来,通识教育和文化素质教育必须在理论与实践两方面与时俱进,在本科教育理念、人才培养模式、管理体制机制等方面进行创新。

Having developed cultural quality education for 20 years since 1995,many universities began to independently explore the reform of undergraduate cultivation mode with value orientation of quality education and general education.Cultural quality education and general education will accelerate each other and they also have gone through the stages of launch and promotion,reform and exploration and further deepening and improvement.At present,general education has shown some new development trends,such as general education elective courses start to change from the number increasing to quality improvement,the connotation of general education curriculum is expanding,various universities have formed cultural quality of＂second class＂with three characteristics-the series,highlevel and specialization.Under the guidance of the quality education concept,some universities take the lead to conduct the general education reform of professional cultivation mode and so on.In the future,general education and cultural quality education must keep pace with the times in the two aspects of theory and practice and make innovations in terms of the undergraduate education concept,personnel training mode,management system and other aspects.