应急处置的重性精神疾病患者人口学和临床特征分析

Demography and clinical feature analysis of emergency treatment patients with severe mental illness

目的探讨应急处置的重性精神疾病患者的人口学和临床特征,为今后应急处置这类患者提供参考依据。方法选取2013年6月-2014年12月本院在社区应急处置的283例重性精神疾病患者作为研究对象,按照《重性精神疾病管理治疗工作规范》进行危险行为分级,采用自制调查表对应急处置的患者进行相关资料分析。结果在应急处置患者的构成比方面,3级最高,占34.63%;5级最低,占5.30%。在年龄结构方面,两组均以15-54岁占多数;在婚姻状况方面,两组的入院构成比均以未婚者为最高,分别占50.00%和51.02%;在家庭收入方面,两组的入院构成比均以低收入者为最高,分别占58.09%和55.78%;在文化程度方面,两组的构成比均以初中及以下者为多,分别占66.91%和70.75%;在病程方面,两组病程≤5年者远多于〉5年者。两组所患疾病以精神分裂症为多,症状以行为障碍为主。两组的入院次数、服药方式和自知力比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）。结论了解应急处置患者的人口学特征和临床特征,对有效执行应急处置、减少危险行为的发生具有积极意义。

Objective To explore the demography and clinical feature of emergency treatment patients with severe mental illness,and to provide reference base for emergency disposal of such patients in the future. Methods 283 severe mental illness patients underwent emergency disposal in community from June 2013 to December 2014 in our hospital were selected as the research group.The risk behavior grading was conducted by severe mental illness treatment management specification.Related data analysis of emergency disposed patients were conducted by using self-made questionnaire. Results In the proportion of emergency disposal patients,grade 3 was the highest,accounted for 34.63%,and grade 5 was the lowest,accounted for 5.3%.In the age structure,from 15 to 54 years old of two groups were most.In the marital status,the component ratio of hospital admission of unmarried patients in two groups were highest,respectively accounted for 50.00% and 51.02%.In the family income,the component ratio of hospital admission of the low-income patients in two groups were highest,respectively accounted for 58.09% and 55.78%.In the educational level,the component ratio of hospital admission of the junior middle school and the following patients in two groups were most,respectively accounted for 66.91% and 70.75%.In the disease course,the component ratio of hospital admission of less than or equal to 5 years patients was more than that of more than 5 years patients.Patients with the disease in two groups were more of schizophrenia,and the symptoms were more with behavior disorder.There was significant difference in the admission number,type of dosing and insight between the two groups（P〈0.01）. Conclusion Understanding the demography and clinical features of emergency treatment patients has positive meaning for effective execution emergency disposal and reducing incidence of risk behavior.