昆明地区萧氏松茎象生物学特性及防治研究

Biology and Control Techniques of the Pine Weevil Hylobitelus xiaoi in Kunming Area

为探讨松林重要害虫萧氏松茎象的生物学特性和防治措施,采用林间观察法揭示该虫的生活史和习性,通过室内外试验摸索了防治该虫的有效方法。结果表明:萧氏松茎象在云南昆明地区2年发生1代,跨3个年度,以幼虫、成虫和少量蛹在松脂混合物筑成的蛹室内越冬。成虫8月中旬开始羽化,10月上旬为羽化高峰期,11月下旬开始越冬,翌年4月下旬开始产卵,5月中下旬幼虫开始孵化,11月下旬幼虫开始越冬,第三年3月重新取食,7月中旬开始化蛹,8月中旬为化蛹高峰期,8月中旬下一代成虫开始羽化。每年4—5月在受害林分中喷撒绿色威雷水剂或噻虫啉悬浮剂2种药剂1∶200倍液对成虫防治效果较好;8月上中旬老熟幼虫期和化蛹高峰期人工刨除松树基部的松脂混合物并捕捉老熟幼虫、蛹和新成虫是防治该虫最有效的方法。

In order to probe biology and control methods of the important pine pest weevil Hylobitelus xiaoi, itslife history and habits were revealed through field observation method and explored the effective control measures tothe pest insect through laboratory and field tests. The result showed that weevil finishes a generation over 2 years,overlapping 3 years in Kunming area, Yunnan Province, and overwinters by larvae, adults and a small part of pu-pae in pupa-room constructed of pine resin mixture. Adults begin to emerge in middle August, peak emergence ob-served in early October, and overwinter in late November , then lay eggs in the coming late April. Larvae begin tohatch in late May, overwinter in late November and start to eat again in March of the third year. Larvae begin topupate in middle July and the peak observed in middle August. Adults of the next generation begin to emerge inmiddle August. The most effective method to control the weevil is digging out the pine resin mixtures from the basesof the pines by hand and catching the mature larvae, pupae and adults. A supplementary method to control the pestweevil is reducing the population of adults by spraying 1：200 times microk-capsule suspension of Lvseweilei andSaichonglin from April to May in the forest.