狗牙腊梅鲜花精油香气组分鉴定与分析

Identification and analysis on aroma components of Chimonanthus Praecox

采取GC-MS联用技术,对超临界CO_2萃取的狗牙腊梅鲜花精油产品的香气组分进行鉴定分析,从两批不同原料生产的精油样品中分别鉴定出96种和100种香气成分,占各样品香气成分总峰面积的98.33%和99.53%。结果分析表明,批次1精油(样品1)的香气成分中以烯烃类和醇类物质为主,主体成分有壬醛、芳樟醇、罗勒烯等;批次2精油(样品2)香气成分中以烯烃类和醛类物质为主,主体成分有戊醛、1,3-戊二醇、甲苯等。两者含量较高的香气物质种类大致相似,相同的成分有62种;不同生产批次腊梅精油产品的同一组分香气物质的含量也存在较大差异,如2-硝基乙醇和(-)-斯巴醇在样品1中含量较高,在样品2中并未检出。本文还对主要香气组分对狗牙腊梅鲜花精油香气特征的贡献进行了讨论,为其生产加工及其产品的应用提供了理论依据。

The essential oil of Chimonanthus Praecox from two production batches which varianted in plucking time,and the storing of flowers were extracted by supercritical CO2 fluid extraction method. The aroma composition of these two samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrum（GC-MS）,96 and 100 components were identified from product batch 1（sample 1） and product batch 2（sample 2）,which accounted for 98.33%and 99.53% of the total peak area of the aroma components. The results showed that among various kinds of aroma components of sample 1,alkenes and alcohols had more types of aroma components and higher contents,and the main ingredients were nonanal,linalool,and ocimene,etc. The aroma component of sample 2was also mainly consists of alkenes and aldehydes,the main ingredient was valeraldehyde,1,3-Pentanediol,2-methyl-,and toluene,etc. The aroma components of both samples were roughly similar,and the same ingredients there were 62 species. The same components in different production batch of the essential oil of Chimonanthus Praecox had different contents,for example,Ethanol,2-nitro- and（-）-Spathulenol had a high contents in sample 1,however were not identified in sample 2. The main aroma components which contributed to its aroma characteristics were also discussed during this experiment,and provided some theoretical reference basis for production and applications of Chimonanthus Praecox.