绘画测验在儿童亲子关系评估中的有效性

Effectiveness of drawing tests in evaluation of children' s parent-child relationship

目的:探索绘画测验和量表测验所反映的儿童亲子关系状况之间的关系,考察绘画测验在儿童亲子关系评估中的有效性。方法:在北京某小学选取学生共210人(一年级86人、三年级60人、六年级64人),施测绘画测验(自画像绘画考察儿童自我概念、家庭动力绘画考察儿童的亲子互动情况)与量表测验(《城市小学生亲子关系测量量表(父母量表)》考察儿童的亲子关系质量),并对绘画测验与量表测验之间以及不同绘画测验之间进行相关分析。结果:三年级儿童的自画像绘画测验总分与《城市小学生亲子关系测量量表(父母量表)》总分呈正相关(r=0.33,P<0.05)、家庭动力绘画测验总分与量表测验总分呈正相关(r=0.54,P<0.001)、自画像绘画测验总分与家庭动力绘画测验总分呈正相关(r=0.33,P<0.05)。一年级、六年级儿童的自画像绘画测验总分、家庭动力绘画测验总分与《城市小学生亲子关系测量量表(父母量表)》总分之间的相关无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论:本研究结果提示,自画像绘画测验和家庭动力绘画测验,在以三年级儿童为代表的中年级段儿童亲子关系的评估中具有一定程度的有效性。

Objective：To explore the relationship of the scores between drawing tests and scales and test the effectiveness of drawing tests in children＇s parent-child relationship.Methods：A total of 210 primary school students,including 86 students in Grade 1,60 students in Grade 3 and 64 students in Grade 6,were investigated by convenience sampling.Self-Portrait was used to measure children＇s self-concept.The Kinetic Family Drawing was used to measure children＇s parent-child interaction.The Urban Primary School Student＇s Parent-Child Relationship Scale was used to measure children＇s parent-child relationship.Correlation between drawing tests and the Scale and the correlation of these two kinds of drawing tests were analyzed.Results：In children in grade 3,scores of self-portrait were positively correlated with scores of Parent-Child Relationship Scale（r = 0.33,P〈0.05）,scores of Kinetic Family Drawing were positively correlated with scores of Parent-Child Relationship Scale（r =0.54,P〈0.001）,and scores of Parent-Child Relationship Scale were positively correlated with scores of Kinetic Family Drawing（r =0.33,P〈0.05）.Yet in children in grade 1 and grade 6,there was insignificant correlation between scores of drawing tests and scores of Parent-Child Relationship Scale.Conclusion：It suggests that SelfPortrait and Kinetic Family Drawing may reflect medium grades children＇s Parent-Child Relationship,which is re presented by children in grade 3,to some degree.