略论驻藏大臣长庚及其《为西藏事上书》

Tibetan Minister Changgeng and His "Submission about Tibet"

十九世纪末的中国在西方列强的不断渗透下处于风雨飘摇之中,清政府在一系列试图变革的努力中变的愈来愈弱。这种形势下的西藏地方局面更加不容乐观,英国悍然发动了第一次侵略战争,战争的结果以不平等的条约形式宣告结束。在此期间,满洲正黄旗人、有边疆任职经验的长庚成为新任驻藏大臣,他在全面了解西藏形势后写下了《为西藏事上书》一文并呈递给光绪皇帝。此文对于英国侵藏的真实意图、治理西藏所面临的问题,以及如何更加有力的控制西藏局面提出了自己的见解。许多见解精准而独到,具有深刻的时代意义和历史价值。

The China in the end of the 19th century was tottering under the constant infiltration of the western powers, and the Qing dynasty became more and more weakened in a series of reform tries. The Tibet situation was no optimistic under this kind of situation. Britain started the first war of aggression to Tibet, and the war ended in a form of unequal treaties. During this period, Changgeng became the new Ambans for his experience in secretary. He wrote ＂Submission about Tibet＂ after a comprehensive study of the situation in Tibet and handed it over to Emperor Guangxu. This article puts forward its original insights on the real intention of the British invasion to Tibet, problems in governing Tibet, and how to control the Tibetan situation, which has profound era significance and historical value.