社会主义论战缘起再审视——地域、认同与形象构建的视角

Rethinking the Origins of the Debate on Socialism——From the Perspective of Locality,Identity and Image Formation

张东荪一篇不到600字的时评何以会引发社会主义论战?之前的内地演讲所提示的地域与认同因素在论战中扮演着怎样的角色?进而言之,该论战的思想论争层面与社会、心态与认同层面的关系如何?通过对论战参与者社会位置、认同与言说的分析,上述问题当可得一合理解答。论战中思想论争的关键在于外来主义与中国国情的关系问题.张东荪以湖南与罗素为背景的评论,触发了离乡新知识分子内地认同与"世界民"心态和形象之间的矛盾,导致其发言以争夺代表内地的资格,并激辩中国在世界中位置与作用为主题。这一争论在一战后西方日益分裂的大背景下,提示着思想权势从美国向新俄的转移。既存研究所强调的论战中马克思主义者对非马克思主义者的胜利,更多体现在心态与认同层面,而非思想层面。

A political comment written by Zhang Dongsun,less than 600 Chinese characters,provoked the Debate on Socialism,how could this happen What part did locality and identity revealed in the former speeches inland take in？Furthermore,how should we understand the relations between thoughts and society,mentality as well as identity during the whole process of this debate A reasonable solution could be offered by analyzing the participants＇ social location,identity and discourse.The key issue of the debate is the relation between＂isms＂abroad and domestic circumstances.Zhang＇s comment,based on Hunan and Russel,enraged new intellectuals,who had left their homeland and suffered the conflict between inland identity and the＂citizen of the world＂image,they strived for the entitlement of representing inland people,and argued that china could take a more important part in the new world image.The whole debate revealed that the idealistic hegemony was transferring from the America to new Russia,together with the split of the western world.The victory Marxists over non-Marxists during the debate,which formal researches have emphasized,is more of the participants＇ mentality and identity than their thoughts.