农村小学教师职业倦怠现状及其干预对策——基于广西农村小学教师的调查

Survey on Teachers' Job Burnout of Rural Primary Schools——On Basis of Investigation on Rural Primary Teachers in Guangxi

目的:了解农村小学教师职业倦怠情况。方法:采用李冰改编的教师职业倦怠问卷对广西388名农村小学教师进行调查。结果:总体上三个因子及总分的平均分均低于中数3,中度倦怠和重度倦怠检出率分别达到了13.4%和10.3%;性别无显著差异,在低成就感因子上,未婚的教师和初级教师以及40岁以下的教师的得分均分别显著高于已婚、中级教师以及41-50岁的教师。其他因子均无显著差异。结论:广西农村小学教师职业倦怠总体上不严重,但有25%左右的教师有明显的倦怠现象。未婚教师和初级教师以及40岁以下的教师的倦怠程度分别高于已婚、初级教师以及41-50岁的教师。建议:为教师道德松绑,尊重教师的生命价值,缓解情感衰竭;破除教育行政化的藩篱,促进教师专业自主发展,消除去个性化;构建积极的社会支持网络,提高教师的个人成就感。

Objective： To know about the teachers＇ job burnout situation of rural primary schools in Guangxi. Method： ＂teacher job burnout questionnaire＂ by Li Bing is employed to conduct a survey on 388 rural primary teachers. Result： the mean score of three factors and the average of total score are no higher than the median 3; the moderate and high job burnout respectively account for 13.4% and 10.3% of the total subjects. There is no significant difference between the males and the females. The mean score of reduced personal accomplishment factor of the teachers of the unmarried and the intermediate, as well as aged below aged 40 is respectively significant higher than that of the married, the intermediate title and below aged 41-50. Conclusion： Rural primary school teachers＇ job burnout is not serious in Guangxi, but 25% teachers reveal obvious job burnout. The job burnout of the teachers of the unmarried and with primary title and as well as aged below 40 are respectively more serious than that of the teachers of the married and with intermediate title, as well as aged 41-50. Suggestion： relieve teachers＇ emotional exhaustion by uniting teachers＇ morally blackmail and respect their life value; eliminate deindividualism by removing educational administration and boost teachers＇ professionally autonomous development; enhance teachers＇ personal accomplishment by constructing social support network.