冰片灌胃或滴鼻给药对氯胺酮-咪达唑仑麻醉大鼠苏醒和认知功能的对比研究

The comparative effect of orally or intranasally administered borneol on ketamine-midazolam anesthetized rats′ regained consciousness and cognitive functions

目的考察并比较冰片灌胃或滴鼻给药对氯胺酮-咪达唑仑麻醉大鼠苏醒和认知功能的影响。方法将受训大鼠按逃避潜伏期分为6个组:对照组,模型组,冰片灌胃低剂量组(1.0mL/100g),冰片灌胃高剂量组(2.0mL/100g),冰片滴鼻低剂量组(0.1mL/100g),冰片滴鼻高剂量组(0.2mL/100g),每组16只。实验前20min给药。除对照组,其余大鼠均给予全身麻醉。记录大鼠的翻正反射恢复时间、血气、逃避潜伏期和空间探索能力并进行组间比较。结果与对照组比较,模型组PaCO2和P(A-a)DO2升高,pH和PaO2降低,潜伏逃避时间延长,平台穿越次数减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,冰片灌胃或滴鼻组全身麻醉后翻正反射恢复时间均有减少、血气有改善,潜伏逃避时间缩短(P<0.05),平台穿越次数增多(P<0.05);冰片灌胃高、低剂量组内的翻正反射恢复时间、血气和平台区穿越次数差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),与冰片灌胃低剂量比较,冰片灌胃高剂量的逃避潜伏期较短(P<0.05);与冰片灌胃组比较,冰片滴鼻组全身麻醉后翻正反射恢复时间明显减少、血气明显改善,潜伏逃避时间明显缩短,平台区穿越次数增多(P<0.05);与冰片滴鼻低剂量比较,冰片滴鼻高剂量的全身麻醉后翻正反射恢复时间明显减少、血气明显改善,逃避潜伏期较短(P<0.05)。结论冰片可通过滴鼻途径改善血气达到缩短麻醉大鼠翻正反射恢复时间并改善认知功能。

Objective To investigate and compare the effect of orally or intranasally administered borneol on ketamine-mid- azolam anesthesia anesthetized ratsr regained consciousness and cognitive functions. Methods The rats were trained to escape laten- cy and divided into 6 groups：control group, model group,low dose oral borneol group,high close group oral borneol group,low dose intranasal borneol group and high dose intranasal borneol group, 16 rats in each group. All groups were given general anesthesia, be- side the control group. The reflex recovery time, blood gas analysis, escape latency and space exploration capability were recorded and compared within groups. Results Compared with the control group,PaCO2 ,P（A-a）DO2 and latent escape time increased （P〈 0.05） ,pH,PaO2 and times of platform across decreased in the model group （P〈0.05）. Compared with the model group,the righ- ting reflex test time,times of platform across and latent escape time decreased （P〈0.05） ,blood gas analysis improved （P〈0.05） in intranasal borneol groups and oral borneol groups. The righting reflex test time, blood gas analysis and times of platform across had no significantly differences within borneol oral groups （P〈0.05）. Compared with low dose oral borneol group, latent escape time decreased in high dose oral borneol group （P〈0.05）. Compared with borneol oral groups, the righting reflex test time, times of platform across and latent escape time decreased （P〈 0.05）, blood gas analysis improved （P〈; 0.05） in intranasal borneol groups. Compared with low dose intranasaI borneol group, the righting reflex test time and latent escape time decreased （P〈0.05）, blood gas analysis improved （P〈0. 05） in high dose intranasal borneol group. Conclusion Intranasal borneol could reduce righting reflex test time and improve cognitive function by improving the blood gas analysis.