城镇化建设对省域基本医疗卫生服务均等化的影响——以中部六省数据为例

On the Effect of Urbanization on the Equalization of Provincial Basic Health Care:Based on Six Central Provinces Data

建立健全覆盖全民的基本医疗卫生制度,为群众提供安全、有效、方便、廉价的医疗卫生服务是我国卫生事业的发展目标。基于现阶段我国基本医疗卫生服务在区域间、城乡间的差异化现实,本文分别采用基尼系数、泰尔指数、变异系数,测度了2002-2013年中部六省四类卫生资源的均等化水平,考察了城镇化率和非农人口比例对中部地区卫生资源配置的影响。结果显示,四类卫生资源均等化水平的发展趋势具有异质性,卫生机构与病床数不均程度加剧,卫生人员和卫生经费的配置趋于均衡。进一步研究发现,城镇化建设提升了中部地区公共服务的均等化水平,其中非农人口的提高比城镇率的提高更能促进中部六省的卫生事业均衡发展。最后,提出我国基本医疗卫生服务均等化提升的可行路径与政策建议。

It is the ultimate goal of China's healthcare system undertakings to establish the basic health care for-all so that provide the safe,effective,convenient and affordable medical care and health services to both urban and rural residents. According to the reality that basic healthcare resources showed large differences between regions including urban and rural,based on the appro aches of the Gini Coefficient,Theil Index and Coefficient of Variation,the paper measures the equal level of four categories of the six provinces of public healthcare resources during 2002-2013 and investigates the effects of urbanization rate and nonagricultural proportion of the population on the health service configuration in central provincials. The empirical results show that the level of the development trend of equalization is heterogeneous among four types of healthcare systems. The inequality of the number of beds and health institutions is getting worse,but the allocation of health personnel and health funds tends to balance. Further,the urbanization in central area can enhance the level of the equalization of public services,especially better improve the non-agricultural population more than the increase of urban rate to promote the balanced development of healthcare systems. Finally,some accessible suggestions are given to promote the standard of equalization of basic health care services.