疏勒河流域2001-2010年水足迹动态特征及评价

Dynamic characteristics and evaluation of water footprint in Shule river basin from 2001 to 2010

随着人口增长、城市化进程的发展和社会经济发展,以及全球气候变化等因素的影响,疏勒河地区生态用水不断被挤占,造成地下水位下降,天然植被也因缺水而退化,水资源供需矛盾突出,为了有效改善水资源利用效率,利用水足迹模型研究了疏勒河流域2001~2010年的水足迹动态特征。结果表明：疏勒河流域2001~2010年总水足迹呈增长趋势,人均水足迹从2001年的772.537m3增加到2010年的1 304.476m3。疏勒河流域水资源集约利用度呈增长趋势,从2001年的6.053增加到2010年的10.875,说明疏勒河流域水资源利用效率提高了。疏勒河流域水资源压力指数从2001年的0.447增加到2010年的0.747,说明疏勒河水资源利用压力虽处于水资源可承载范围内,但其水资源压力不断上升。农田灌溉用水和农田种植面积均与农畜产品虚拟水足迹呈显著正相关关系（P〈0.05）。未来还需从实施节水农业战略等方面提高流域水资源利用效率,以及通过虚拟水贸易方式优化产业结构,以实现疏勒河流域水资源可持续利用和经济社会可持续发展。

In order to improve the utilization efficiency of water resources,the water footprint dynamic characteristics from 2001 to 2010in Shule river basin were studied by using water footprint model.The results showed that the total water footprint had a growth trend,and the water footprint per capita increased from772.537m3 to 1 304.476 m3.The intensive utilization degree of water resources also showed a growth trend which increased from 6.053 in 2001to 10.875 in 2010,it illustrated that the water resources efficiency has been improved.The water resources pressure index increased from 0.447 to 0.747,it stated that although water resources utilization pressure still in the range of water resources bearing capacity,the pressure of water resources went up constantly.The farmland irrigation water and cultivated area had a positive correlation（P0.05）with the virtual water footprint of agricultural and animal products.In order to enhance the utilization efficiency of water resources in Shule river basin,the strategy of water-saving agriculture should be carried out in the future.Besides,for realizing the sustainable utilization of water resources and sustainable development of economic society,the industrial structure should be optimized through virtual water trade.