377例孕妇营养知识、态度和行为调查分析

Investigation and analysis on nutritional knowledge,attitude,practice of 377 pregnant women

目的了解北京市孕妇的营养知识、态度、行为基本情况及其影响因素,为今后指导孕妇合理营养、制定可行的干预措施提供基础数据。方法随机选取在宣武医院进行产前检查的400例孕妇进行营养知识、态度和行为调查,采用Epi Data进行数据录入,SPSS 15.0进行数据分析。结果孕妇对孕期营养知识有一定的了解,饮食习惯较好,且大多数孕妇希望通过医生得到孕期相关知识指导,并且愿意根据指导内容改善其饮食习惯;营养知识、态度、饮食行为(Knowledge-attitudes-practice,KAP)之间有明显的正相关性(P<0.01),孕妇的营养KAP水平与其孕周和受教育程度呈正相关关系(P<0.01)。结论目前孕妇的营养知识和饮食行为有待进一步改善,可通过孕妇愿意接受的网络、电视、亲友处等途径进行营养宣教。

Objective To understand nutritional knowledge,attitude,practice（ KAP） of 377 pregnant women and the influencing factors,provide basic data for guiding reasonable nutrition and making feasible intervention measures. Methods KAP survey was conducted among 400 pregnant women receiving prenatal examination in Xuanwu Hospital,Epi Data was used to input data,SPSS 15. 0 software was used for data analysis. Results The pregnant women had considerable basic nutritional knowledge and the dietary behaviors were good. Most pregnant women hoped to obtain dietary guide from doctors,and they improved their dietary habits according to the advices. There was a positive correlation among nutritional KAP（ P〈0. 01）. Maternal nutritional KAP level was positively correlated with gestational week and educational level（ P〈0. 01）. Conclusion Maternal nutritional knowledge and dietary behaviors need to be further improved,nutritional education can be carried out by acceptable measures,such as web,TV and relatives.