徐州市农村地区留守儿童与非留守儿童心理健康状况的比较研究

Psychological health statuses of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in rural area of Xuzhou city: a comparative study

目的研究徐州市农村地区留守儿童与非留守儿童的心理健康状况。方法采用分层随机抽样和整群抽样相结合的方法,共调查小学生348名,初中生575名。运用Epi Data3.1建立数据库,SPSS18.0软件对数据进行统计。结果 923名调查对象中去除MHT量表>7的问卷,得到有效问卷775份,有效回收率83.97%。其中留守儿童203名,数据显示心理健康状况正常176名(86.70%),心理状态欠佳23名(11.33%),心理问题较严重4名(1.97%)。留守儿童的心理健康问题多于非留守儿童,不同性别留守儿童恐怖倾向的得分差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);在学习焦虑、过敏倾向、冲动倾向等方面初中生存在的问题明显多于小学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);留守儿童在独生与非独生方面的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论徐州市农村地区留守儿童的心理健康问题较严重,非留守儿童的心理健康问题也不容忽视,必须引起足够重视。

Objective To research the psychological health statuses of left-behind children and non-left-behind children in rural area of Xuzhou city. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to survey 348 primary school students and 575 junior middle school students,Epi Data3. 1 software was used to establish database,SPSS18. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results A total of 923 children were surveyed,after excluding the questionnaires with MHT score 〉7,775 valid questionnaires were obtained,the rate was83. 97%,203 left-behind children were included,psychological status of 176 children（ 86. 70%） was normal,psychological status of 23children（ 11. 33%） was poor,psychological status of 4 children（ 1. 97%） was serious. Psychological health problems among left- behind children was more than those among non-left-behind children,there was statistically significant difference in the score of terror tendency between left-behind boys and left-behind girls（ P〈0. 05）; the problems about learning anxiety,allergic tendencies,and impulsiveness among junior middle school students were statistically significantly higher than those among primary school students（ P〈0. 05）; among the left-behind children,there was no statistically significant difference between one-child families and non-one-child families（ P〉0. 05）. Conclusion Psychological health problems of left-behind children is serious in rural area of Xuzhou city,psychological health problems of nonleft-behind children can not be ignored,more attention should be paid to.