不同前处理法测定灵芝提取物中金属含量的对比研究

Comparison of Different Pretreatment Methods for Determination of Metallic Elements in Ganoderma Extract

目的不同的前处理方法对灵芝提取物中Ph、Cd、As等10种金属元素测定的对比研究。方法分别采用微波消解法、全自动湿法消解法和电热板湿法消解法前处理样品，通过ICP—MS测定灵芝提取物中Pb、Cd、As等10种金属元素的含量。结果3种处理方法处理后的各金属测定结果差异除Hg外均无统计学意义（P〉0．05），全自动湿法消解法和电热板湿法消解法Hg的平均回收率分别为65．28％和70．39％，微波消解法Hg的平均回收率为98．31％，3种消解法的其他9种金属元素的回收率在92．19％～103．26％之间，精密度的RSD均小于5％。结论全自动湿法消解法和电热板湿法消解法无法满足灵芝提取物中10种金属污染物同时检测的前处理要求，微波消解法能够满足且测定结果没有显著性差异，考虑到微波消解法更为简便、快速，因此，微波消解法更适合灵芝提取物中金属的定量分析，在实际工作中，建议根据具体金属元素检测需求选择合适的前处理方法。

OBJECTIVE To compare different pretreatment methods for determination of 10 metallic elements including Pb, Cd, As etc in Ganoderma extract. METHODS Microwave digestion, automatic wet digestion and electrical heating wet digestion methods were used to conduct pretreatment of Ganoderma extact, then the contents of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn, Al, Zn and Cr were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry（ICP-MS）. RESULTS The contents of metallic elements determined by the three kinds of digestion methods were not statistically different except for Hg（P 〉 0. 05 ）. The average recoveries of Hg in the Ganoderma samples were 65. 28% and 70. 39% when processed by automatic digestion and electrical heating digestion method, respectively, much lower than the value of microwave digestion method（98.31% ）. The recoveries of other metallic elements ranged from 92. 19% to 103.26% by the three kinds digestion methods, with RSDs less than 5%. CONCLUSION Automatic digestion and electrical heating digestion methods are unable to meet the requirement for simultaneous determination of the 10 kinds of metallic elements in Ganoderma extract, however, microwave digestion method can. As the microwave digestion method is simple and rapid, so it is more suitable for the determination of heavy metals in Ganoderma. It is suggested to choose appropriate sample digestion method according to specific determination requirement on metallic elements in actual situation.