先天性心脏病介入治疗患儿父母焦虑与需求的调查分析

Investigation and analysis on anxiety and demands of parents of children with congenital heart disease treated by interventional therapy

目的调查先天性心脏病(CHD)介入治疗患儿父母焦虑及需求现状及影响因素。方法选择83例CHD介入治疗患儿的父母为研究对象,采用问卷调查方法分析影响CHD患儿父母焦虑及需求的因素,并探索两者之间的相关性。结果与国内常模相比,CHD患儿父母的焦虑总分明显升高(P<0.05);单因素方差分析显示影响患儿父母焦虑情绪的因素是:患儿年龄、与患儿关系、家庭地域、经济状况及患儿病情;CHD患儿父母需求排名前三的分别是患儿治疗及预后、病情保证及帮助患儿;CHD患儿父母的焦虑与需求之间呈正相关(r=0.232,P<0.05),焦虑状态与患儿治疗及预后、病情保证、帮助患儿及情感支持之间呈线性关系(r=0.201、0.194、0.213、0.183,均P<0.05)。结论 CHD患儿行介入治疗时其父母普遍存在焦虑状况,在护理患儿的同时注意缓解患儿父母的焦虑情绪并满足其各方面需求,对于临床上CHD患儿的治疗和预后具有重要作用。

Objective To investigate anxiety and demands status and influencing factors of parents of children with congenital heart disease （CHD） treated by interventional therapy. Methods The parents of 83 children with CHD treated by interventional therapy were se- lected, a questionnaire survey was performed to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and demands of parents and explore the correlation. Results Compared with domestic normal level, anxiety score of patients of children with CHD increased significantly （P〈0. 05 ） ; one-way ANOVA showed that the influencing factors of anxiety score were age of children, the relationship with children, residence site, income situ- ation, and the illness state of children. The top three demands of parents of children with CHD were treatment and prognosis of children, ill- ness guarantee, and aid for children. Among the parents of children with CHD, anxiety was positively correlated with demands （r = 0. 232, P〈0. 05 ）, there was a linear relationship between anxiety and treatment and prognosis of children, illness guarantee, aid for children, emo- tional support （r=0.201, P〈0.05; r=0. 194, P〈0.05; r=0.213, P〈0.05; r=0. 183, P〈0. 05） . Conclusion Normally, the parents are anxious when their children with CHD treated by interventional therapy, more attention should be paid to relief of their anxiety and satis- faction of their demands for various aspects besides nursing of children, which plays an important role in treatment and prognosis of children with CHD.