本科生转专业问题的调查分析

The Investigation and Analysis about the Problem of Undergraduates' Changing Majors

对浙江省22所高校的1254名师生调查发现:四成多的受访学生对所在学校的转专业政策表示不同程度的满意。学业挫折、就业前景和兴趣爱好等是学生转专业的主因,四成多的受访学生具有转专业意向,大学一年级学生意向最强,随着年级升高,其转专业意向渐弱。五成左右的受访者认为应在第二学期开始提供二次转专业机会,一次申请两个专业,成绩合格者即有申请资格。五成左右的受访学生在转专业前会征求家长意见,并向申请转入院系的教学管理人员咨询。近四成受访教师表示,转专业学生的后期培养较困难;近六成受访教师认为,转专业对学生就业压力缓解无显著影响。破解本科生转专业难题,需要个人发展、学校教育与社会环境的合力,帮助学生增进生涯决策效能,明确生涯发展方向,由智能发展逐步迈向伦理发展,避免转专业的盲目性和随意性。

According to the survey on 1254 teachers and students of 22 universities,more than 40% nterviewees show varying degrees of satisfaction about the changing majors policy of their universities.The main reasons of changing majors are the degree of satisfaction about their majors, interests and consideration of employment. More than 40% interviewees have thought of changing majors and freshmen＇s intentions are the strongest. But, with increase of grade, their intentions are fade-out. About 50 % interviewees think that university should begin to provide a second chance for changing majors in the second semester. And students whose grade is qualified have eligibility to apply for 2 majors. About 50% of students will seek parents＇views before changing majors and seek advice from the controller of transfer faculties. Nearly 40%teachers express that it is more difficult to cultivate students changing majors in the late training. Nearly 60% teachers think there is no significant effect on students to ease the employment pressure. To solve the undergraduates＇ problems of changing majors, it needs the collaboration of personal development, school education and the social environment. It is necessary to help students to improve career deeision-makig performance and know clearly about career development direction. It is also important to transfer students＇ intellectual development gradually to the ethical development and avoid the blindness and randomness of changing majors.