阿散酸暴露胁迫对鲫鱼肝组织超微结构影响的研究

Study on the effect of arsanilic acid exposure to stress on the ultrastructure of liver tissues in Carassius auratus

为了研究阿散酸对鲫鱼肝细胞超微结构的影响，评价和监测阿散酸的水生态毒性，试验在室内水池模拟环境[静置暴气脱氯2d，水温为（21±2）℃，pH值为（6．5±0．5），溶解氧浓度为7．5-8．5mg／L）]中添加阿散酸，并以300μg／L作为暴露胁迫浓度，同时设置空白对照组，分别于给药后第7，14，21天采集鲫鱼肝脏样品，通过透射电镜技术观察鲫鱼肝细胞器（线粒体、核糖体、内质网等）的超微结构变化。结果表明：与空白对照组比较，阿散酸暴露组鲫鱼肝细胞器发生明显变化，线粒体结构被损坏，其嵴脱落呈空泡化；肝细胞中内质网出现断裂、片段化；有些细胞器发生丢失，肝细胞内充满脂滴，细胞核偏离细胞中心并出现变形、崩解。说明鲫鱼肝细胞病变程度与阿散酸的暴露胁迫时间呈现一定正相关性。

To study the effect of arsanilic acid on the ultrastructure of hepatocytes in Carassius auratus, and evaluate and monitor the water ecotoxicity of arsanilic acid, arsanilic acid was added into the simulated indoor pond environment with dechlorination of 2 d, water temperature of （ 21 ± 2）℃, pH value of 6.5 ± 0.5, dissolved oxygen concentrations of 7.5 to 8.5 mg/L, taking 300 μg / L arsanilic acid as the concentration of exposure to stress. Meanwhile, a blank control group was set up. The liver samples of Carassius auratus were collected at 7 d, 14 d, and 21 d after administration, respectively. The changes in the ultrastructure of organelles of liver cells, including mitochondria, ribosome, and en- doplasmic reticulum etc. were observed by a transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that compared with the control group, there were obvious changes in the organelles of liver cells of Carassius auratus, thereinto, mitochondrial structure was damaged, and its cristae were dropped, showing vacuolation. The endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells was broken and fragmented, and some organelles were lost and lipid droplets were fiUed in liver ceils. The cell nucleus deviated from the center of cells, showing deformation, disintegration, etc. The results indicate that the extent of pathological changes in the liver cells of Carassias auratus has some positive correlation with the time of arsanilic acid ex- posure to stress.