电子垃圾拆解地野生雄性鲫鱼多氯联苯、卵黄蛋白原及EROD水平

Levels of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Vitellogenin, and EROD in Wild Male Crucian Carps in Electronic Waste Dismantling Sites

[目的]研究电子垃圾拆解地多氯联苯(PCBs)污染对雄性野生鲫鱼血清卵黄蛋白原(VTG)水平和肝脏乙氧基异吩恶唑酮脱乙基酶(EROD)活性的影响。[方法]分别选择东南沿海有大量电子变压器和电容器拆解业历史及以电子产品生产为主要产业的两地区作为重度、轻度污染区,以无电子拆解业的某地区作为对照区。各地区分别采集5尾野生雄性鲫鱼,并测定鱼肌肉组织中PCBs、肝脏组织中EROD、血清中VTG水平。[结果]所有雄性野生鲫鱼体内均检测出18种PCBs单体。重度污染区总PCBs质量分数(中位数)为214 138 pg/g,明显高于轻度污染区(8 088 pg/g),二者均高于对照区(2 968 pg/g)(均P<0.05)。重度污染区野生鲫鱼肝脏EROD活性明显高于对照区和轻度污染区(均P<0.05);血清VTG水平与对照区差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。轻度污染区野生鲫鱼血清VTG水平明显高于对照区(P<0.05);但肝脏EROD活性与对照区差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。[结论]电子垃圾拆解地野生雄性鲫鱼肌肉PCBs水平较高,肝脏EROD活性明显升高,血清VTG水平升高不明显。

［Objective］ To assess the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls （PCBs） contamination from electronic waste dismantling sites on serum vitellogenin （VTG） levels and liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase （EROD） activities in wild male crucian carps. ［Methods］ Two sampling sites situated in the southeast coastline, one where electric transformers and capacitors were historically dismantled in large quantities and the other where electronics production was a dominant industry, were chosen as highly and mildly polluted areas respectively. A control area without any electronic waste was also selected. Five wild male crucian carps from each site were sampled to measure muscle PCBs, liver EROD, and serum VTG levels. ［Results］ All wild male crucian carp muscle samples contained detectable levels of 18 PCB congeners. The median of total PCB concentrations of wild male crucian carps in the highly polluted area （214 138 pg/g） was remarkably higher than that in the mildly polluted area （8 088 pg/g）, and both were significantly higher than that in the control area （2 968 pg/g） （both Ps 〈 0.05）. The liver EROD of wild male crucian carps in the highly polluted area was significantly higher than that in the control area and the mildly polluted area （both Ps 〈 0.05）, and no significant difference in serum VTG was observed between the highly polluted area and the control area （P 〉 0.05）. The serum VTG of wild male crucian carps in the mildly polluted area was significantly higher than that of the control area （P 〈 0.05）, but no difference in liver EROD was seen （P 〉 0.05）. ［Conclusion］ The wild male crucian carps from electronic waste dismantling sites present high levels of muscle PCBs and activities of liver EROD, but no obvious change in serum VTG is observed.