渗透反应墙技术处理铀尾矿库渗漏水的研究现状

RESEARCH STATUS OF URANIUM TAILINGS SEEPAGE WATER REMEDIATION USING PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIER

铀尾矿库渗漏已造成严重的环境辐射问题。为保护铀尾矿库区地下水资源及其生态环境,迫切需要一种低价有效的方法对库区地下水放射性污染进行治理。渗透反应墙技术是用于原位治理污染地下水中污染组分的一种高效技术。介绍了铀尾矿库区地下水铀污染的几种主要修复技术,渗透反应墙的基本原理,结构类型及设计安装,分析了零价铁反应材料去除铀的作用机理,综述了当前国内外渗透反应墙技术治理铀矿山及尾矿库区地下水铀污染的实际工程应用情况,最后指出该技术当前存在的问题,并提出相应的研究展望。

Uranium tailings seepage posed a serious environmental problem by radiation. To protect groundwater resources and ecological environment,in-situ remediation on the groundwater with radionuclides and heavy metals pollution is very urgent.The permeable reactive barrier is a high efficient technology on groundwater in situ treatment. This paper summarizes several remediation technologies of uranium-contaminated groundwater. The basic principles,structure types,design and installation of the permeable reactive barrier are introduced briefly. Then the reactive materials of Fe0 and its remediation mechanism are described. At the same time,the practical project application about uranium-contaminated groundwater in China and abroad of the PRB technology is reviewed. At last,the existing problems of PRB technology are pointed out,as well as the corresponding research prospects.