近代教育学思维的三次浪潮及其检视

Reflection on Three Waves of Modern Pedagogical Thinking Mode

近代教育学思维经历了三次浪潮,分别为从超验到经验、从经验到科学,以及从科学到人文的转变。它们表达了近代教育学家对教育学学科的不断反思,以及科学性的追求。近代教育学思维寻求普遍化的、可靠性的知识基础,它充满着多种冲突和争论,并在冲突和争议中走向自我完善和丰富,同时强化了对教育学的科学认同。近代教育学思维的重心在于认识论,其现代性的后果在于为教育学的分化和多元主义开启了大门,使得现代教育学思维更为窄化、专门化,同时也失却了对教育学本体论的探究。

There were three waves of thinking mode during the development of modern pedagogy, which were changes from transcendence to experience, from experience to science, and from science to humanity. Such changes showed some modern educationists＇ reflection and scientific ideal of pedagogy. Modern pedagogical thoughts sought general and firm basis of pedagogical knowledge, in pursuit of self-improvement and self-enrichment in the process of conflicts and arguments; meanwhile, it reinforced discipline identity of pedagogy. Modern pedagogical thought was focused on the epistemology instead of the ontology, whose consequences included the narrowing and specializing of pedagogical thinking. The development of modern pedagogical thought was to pave the way of division and pluralism of pedagogy.