向农村倾斜的高校专项招生政策:争论、反思与改革

Undergraduate Special Admission Policies Favoring Candidates of Rural China:Debate,Reflection and Reform

向农村倾斜的专项招生政策意为贫困农村地区的优秀学生提供更多上优质大学的机会,以畅通他们纵向流动的渠道,并促进农村地区的发展。但该政策在是否公平等方面存在很大争议,本研究分析表明:从理论上看,该政策有其公平、合理性;贫困农村地区的学生需要高等教育尤其是名牌大学来促进其升迁性社会流动;通过优惠政策升入名牌大学的大部分学生都能较好地适应大学生活,但也出现一些不容忽视的问题。未来的改革既需从根本上改善落后的农村经济和教育,也需进一步完善招生政策本身。

The undergraduate admission policies favoring candidates of rural those students more opportunities to enter famous universities and more chances China offer of upward social mobility, and also promote the development of rural areas. However, there is considerable dispute about the policies concerning questions such as education fair. This study shows that： the policies are theoretically fair and reasonable, students in poor rural areas need famous universities to get upward social mobility, most of undergraduates who are under the preferential admission policies can adapt to college life, while they face some problems. We propose that both the undergraduate admission policies and the economy and education in rural areas should be improved.