我国高校人力资源的省际差异及其变化趋势

Provincial Differences and Its Variation Trend of Higher Education Human Resources In China

本文以2003-2011年间1各省区普通高校生均人力资源数据为基础,利用基尼系数、泰尔系数及其分解技术,考察了我国高等学校人力资源省际差异及其变化趋势,并测算出高校事业人员经费支出区域差异对人力资源省际差异的贡献率。研究发现,第一,人力资源省际差异不大,且在波动中逐年缩小;第二,专任教师资源对省际差异的贡献率从绝对领先变为相对领先,其他资源的贡献率逐年增大;第三,各分项资源地区分布差距的变化对省际差异变动影响最大,但各分项资源相对份额变化的作用也不容忽视;第四,教师资源在多数年份对省际差异变动起主导作用;第五,人员经费支出对人力资源省际差异具有较大影响。

Based on the data of per-student human resources of Regular Institutions of Higher Education from 2003--2011, using Gini coefficient, Theil coefficient and their decomposition technique, the paper analyzes the trend, of the human resources across Chinese provinces and estimates the contribution of personnel expenditure from recurrent expenditure of higher education to the provincial human resources differences. The paper finds that the provincial human resources difference is insignificant and is reducing gradually in the volatility; second, the contribution rate from full-time teachers to the provincial differences is from the absolute leader the relatively leader, while the contribution rates from other resources are increasing gradually; third, the changes of the province gap is the main reason of the change of the provincial difference, but the changes of the relative share of each human resource can not be ignored; fourth, teacher resources plays a leading role in most years; fifth, personnel expenditures have a greater impact on human resource＇s provincial differences.