美国大学男女同校教育的历程及其影响

On the Evolution and Influence of Co-education in American Universities

美国大学男女同校教育是女子高等教育史上的里程碑,也是高等教育民主化进程的深刻变革。20世纪六七十年代,美国大学基本完成了男女同校教育,从有限招收女生到平等接纳女生。大学争夺生源的需要、大学相关利益团体的推动及社会对平等机会的倡导,是其转变的主因。实施男女同校教育后,大学逐步废除了限制招收女生的"配额制"政策,大学课程和专业趋于多样化,校园社团组织更具包容性。

The co-education in American higher education was a milestone in the history of women＇s higher education, and also a profound revolution in the process of higher education democratization. In the 1960s and the 1970s, American Universities had completed the co-education basically, from ＂some women admitted＂ to full co-education. The need for scrambling for talented students, the promotion of university related interest groups, and the advocacy of ＂equal opportunity＂ in the society were the main factors for the change. After the implementation of co-education, universities had abolished the ＂gender quota＂ policy gradually, curriculum and professional tended to diversify, the campus community organizations becoming more inclusive.