被放逐的身体:作为始源的柏拉图“灵魂论”

The Body of Being Exiled: on Plato's Original “Soul Theory”

柏拉图在《理想国》《斐多篇》和《美诺篇》提出"灵魂论",其中灵魂不朽论与灵魂净化说探讨了身心二元论与理性的至高无上性。"身体"作为被遮蔽的存在,始终被置于与灵魂并不对等的位置上。直到西方现代"身体美学"的兴起,身体实现了从客体到主体的重新建构,经过了由低级到平等的历史转向,身体不再是传统西方哲学中被忽略的部分,而是有了与灵魂相等的地位,由此有了不可或缺的存在意义。

Plato put forward ＂soul theory＂in The Republic,Phaedo,Meno and so on. ＂Soul immortality＂and ＂purification of the soul＂discuss the dualism of body and soul as well as the supremacy of Logos. Being shaded,＂body＂has always been placed in the position of non-equivalence comparing with soul. Until the rise of the western modern＂body aesthetics＂,＂body＂transforms its reconstruction from low level to equality and carries on the historical turn from the secondary to the core. ＂Body＂is no longer the neglected part of the traditional western philosophy,but has the equal status with the ＂soul＂,thus it has the indispensable existence significance.