明清陕西贡院建筑研究

Study on the Construction of Shaanxi Gongyuan in Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清陕西贡院建筑形制具有全国贡院的普遍共性,它强调章法、讲究形制,自成一体;选址考究,规模庞大,布局严谨。其个体特殊性在于:以实用为选址原则;引通济渠水入贡院;瞭望楼由四座增至八座;号舍规模日益宏大,居全国贡院号舍规模前列;至公堂等部分建筑为外帘办公区,主要建筑规模普遍偏小等。建筑总体透显出尚俭实用的文化特色。

Shaanxi Gongyuan in the Ming and Qing dynasties has the most common with the majority of others. It emphasizes the art of composition and site, enormous scale and precise layout. Individual particularity of Shaanxi Gongyuan construction performance in： practical location principle; tongji ditch water into the examination hall cited; a watchtower by four to eight; the main building size is generally grand which is forefront throughout the country; part of outer offices have small scale. The overall architecture reveals thrifty and practical cultural characteristics.