商业银行网点区域容量与主体安排:一个监管视角

Regional Capacity and Branch Distribution of Commercial Banks:From the Regulatory Perspective

银行网点的布局和功能与金融消费者的切身利益息息相关,而完全依靠市场调节的网点布局和服务供给,难以实现均衡配置和有效平衡,客观上需要行政许可和监管介入。但在当前的监管实践中,对银行网点的审批往往局限于材料要件和形式上的审核,对于其实质内容则疏于研究,从而造成本末倒置。为此,本文从银行监管机构维护金融稳定和公众利益的角度出发,从"设多少"和"谁来设"两个层面考虑银行网点的审批依据,构建了区域网点容量和网点设立主体两套评价指标体系,并进行了实证分析,以期为监管准入决策提供科学、可行的依据。

The distribution and function of bank branches are closely linked with vital interests of financial consumers.However,it is hard to completely rely on the market mechanism to optimize the branch distribution of commercial banks,which theoretically could match the supply and demand of financial services.There is room for improvements provided the role for financial regulations and administrative licensing.However,in the practices,the authorizing process is more focusing on the procedures rather than the matter itself.To improve financial stability and protect public interests,from the supervisory perspective,this paper designed two evaluation systems to estimate the regional capacity and make scientific decisions on the branch distribution of commercial banks in terms of how many branches to set and which bank to set.The idea of system is empirically tested so that to provide a scientific indicator for branch distribution decisions.