淹涝胁迫后施用不同有机碳(氮)营养对水稻主要抗逆生理指标的影响

Effects of different organic carbon(nitrogen) nutritions application on main stress-resistant physiological indexes of waterlogged rice

【目的】研究不同外源有机碳(氮)营养对淹涝胁迫后水稻主要抗逆指标的影响,为水稻淹涝胁迫后提升其抗逆性提供理论支持。【方法】通过盆栽模拟水稻淹涝试验,研究幼穗分化初期受淹涝胁迫后施用有机碳(氮)营养对水稻叶片和根系主要抗逆性指标的影响。【结果】解除淹涝胁迫并喷施有机碳(氮)营养后3 d,相对于清水处理(CK),各有机碳(氮)营养处理对叶片超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性提高效果显著(P<0.05,下同),精氨酸(Arg)、甘氨酸(Gly)、氯化胆碱(CC)和甘露醇(Mnt)处理对叶片过氧化物酶(POD)活性提高效果显著,脯氨酸(Pro)、苏氨酸(Thr)和Gly处理对叶片过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性提高效果显著,Mnt处理下丙二醛(MDA)积累较少,Pro含量变化差异不显著(P>0.05)。解除淹涝后6 d时,抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性较解除淹涝后3 d时基本保持上升,抗逆性持续提高,MDA含量均高于CK,Pro含量较3 d前明显增高;Gly和CC处理根系乙醇脱氢酶(ADH)活性增加。【结论】淹涝胁迫后及时追施外源有机碳(氮)营养可提高水稻叶片主要抗氧化酶及根系ADH活性,提高水稻的抗淹能力,其中Gly、Mnt、Arg和CC对提高水稻抗逆性的效果较好。

[Objective]The effects of different organic carbon （nitrogen） nutritions application on main stress-resistant physiological indexes of waterlogged rice were investigated, in order to provide theoretical support for improving waterlog- ging-resistant ability of rice. [Method]Using rice as tested material, the simulated waterlogging experiment was carried out by potting. At young panicle differentiation stage, the effects of organic carbon （nitrogen） nutrients application on stress- resistant physiological indexes of leaf and root were studied after waterlogging. [Resuh ]The results showed that, on the 3ra day after rescission of waterlog and application of different organic carbon （nitrogen） nutritions, the organic carbon （nitro- gen） nutritions had significant improving effects on SOD activity of rice leaves, compared with deioni^ed water（CK）（P〈 0.05, the same below）. Among those applied organic carbon （nitrogen） nutritions, The application of Arg, Gly, choline chloride （CC） and mannitol （Mnt） could increase significantly POD activity of rice leaves. The application of Pro, Thr and Gly could increase significantly CAT activity. The application of Mnt could decrease MDA accumulation, while there was non-significant difference in Pro content of leaves to be found （P〉0.05）. On the 6~ days after rescission of waterlog, the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD and CAT kept basically rising, compared with those on the 3~d day after rescission of waterlog; the waterlogging-resistant ability of rice continued to improve ; MDA content were higher than that of CK; Pro content was significantly increased compared with that before 3 days ; the application of Gly and CC could in- crease activity of antioxidant enzyme （ADH） in roots. [Conclusion]After waterlogging-stress, applying timely exogenous organic carbon （nitrogen） nutritions can improve main antioxidant enzymes activitis of leaves and ADH activity of roots, so as to improve waterlogging-resistant ability of rice. Among those applied organic carbon （nitrogen） nutritions, Gly, Mnt, Arg and CC had significant improving effects on stress-resistance of rice.