缺氧微环境在肿瘤进展中的作用

The role of hypoxic microenvironment in the progress of tumor

缺氧微环境是实体肿瘤的重要特征。在缺氧条件下,肿瘤细胞会分泌多种血管生长因子以促进异常血管的形成。同时为了寻找更佳适宜的土壤,肿瘤细胞的侵袭与转移能力也会得到进一步的提高。此外,缺氧微环境对肿瘤细胞具有筛选作用,使肿瘤的恶性程度进一步提高,导致肿瘤细胞对化疗药物或放射治疗不敏感。由此可见,缺氧微环境是肿瘤的不良预后的重要因素。相较于肿瘤组织,正常组织中很少存在缺氧区域,所以缺氧微环境也为肿瘤的靶向治疗提供了有利条件。本文就缺氧微环境的成因、与肿瘤的相互关系和干预策略等进行综述,以期为靶向肿瘤缺氧微环境的治疗提供一些理论依据。

Anoxic microenvironment is one of the most important characters of solid tumors. In the condition of hypoxia, tumor cells can secrete many kinds of vascular growth factors to promote the formation of abnormal blood vessels. Meanwhile, the invasive and metastatic abilities of tumor cells could also be greatly improved with the purpose of seeking better suitable soil. Furthermore, the hypoxic microenvironment has a screening effect on tumor cells, and the degree of malignancy of tumors will be increased, and then, tumor cells will not be sensitive to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Therefore, the hypoxic microenvironment is an adverse prognostic factor for tumors. Anoxia condition is rarely observed in normal tissues compared with that of tumor tissues. Hence, the hypoxic microenvironment also provides treatment opportunities to use drugs that selectively target hypoxic regions within solid tumors. This paper summarizes the causes of hypoxic microenvironment, its relationship between tumors, and the benefits of intervention, hoping to provide some reference for the development of therapeutic measures aiming at hypoxic microenvironment.