明清两淮盐场“移亭就卤”与淮盐兴衰研究

The Research about Saltworks Migration and Vicissitude of Huai Salterns in Ming and Qing Dynasties

因海势东迁,明清两淮盐场不断有"移亭就卤",成为淮盐发展变迁的重要内容,也是区别于其他海盐产区的典型特征。表面上看,海岸东迁不利于淮盐生产,但淮盐正是通过"移亭就卤"的方式很好地适应了苏北海岸带环境变化,迎来长期繁盛发展。这种独特的盐作生态,存在了数百年。海涂淤进,草卤分离,煎盐生产要素空间分布的特点决定了筅置亭场的方式与过程。"移亭就卤"是盐作生产对荡草、土卤、咸潮以及劳动力等生产要素的集约利用,一方面是对自然环境条件的适应,另一方面又受制于社会经济状况。清末社会经济状况恶化,很大程度上妨碍了"移亭就卤"的积极性,亭场移筅为难,以至走向衰亡,淮南盐业遂衰。

In Ming and Qing dynasties, Jiangsu coastline silting up rapidly and many saltworks migrated to tidal flat. It was an important aspect and typical characteristic of Huai salt industry vicissitude. On the surface, Jiangsu coastline migration is not conducive to the development of Huai salt industry, but It achieved great developments by migration saltworks along with salt tide. this unique salt industry production mode last for hundreds of years. Because of coastal zone siltation, It start to gradually separate between grass and salt. So the spatial distribution of decoct salt production factors affect the way and process of sahworks migration, saltworks migration along with salt tide is a process of intensive utilization about grass, salt tide and labor force. It is a process of adaption to changing coastal environment and affected by socioeconomic status. To a large extent, the deterioration of social-economic condition inhibited the enthusiasm of sahworks migration in late Qing dynasty. So this mode can no longer be continued.