基于巡回的郊区居民一周出行行为日间差异——以北京市上地—清河地区为例

TOUR-BASED ANALYSIS OF DAY-TO-DAY VARIABILITY IN SUBURBAN RESIDENTS' TRAVEL BEHAVIOR: A CASE STUDY OF BEIJING

在中国城市郊区化与交通供求不平衡的发展趋势下,郊区居民出行研究日益受到关注;然而随着郊区生活愈多潜在问题浮出,刻画其在每日24小时尺度上的微观活动—出行模式的研究已不足以反映,需从新的视角重新审视出行研究。本文基于2012年北京市上地—清河地区居民日常活动与交通出行调查所获取的一周GPS与活动日志数据,采用描述性统计与方差分析的方法,以一周为时间尺度,研究居民在出行基本特征、时间节奏与巡回模式的日间差异。研究表明,郊区居民日常出行主要受工作活动制约,在工作日与休息日出行活跃程度差异明显;工作日之间,郊区居民出行具有自调节性;休息日之间,郊区居民出行特征差异较大。此研究结果可为交通出行政策制定提供参考依据。

The development trend of urban residential suburbanization and imbalance of traffic supply and demand in China shows that the travel research of suburban residents; is becoming more and more urgent. Previous researches on travel behavior in 24-hour scale as a micro activity remain potential problems, which are not enough to reflect the whole suburban life, and need to catch a new perspective to re-examine, emphasis on short-term behavior combined with long-term behavior. Based on the first-hand data collected in the Beijing residents＇ activity and travel survey in 2012, the study, which also introduced a concept of tour, focused on the characteristics of travel behavior by applying methods of descriptive statistics and analysis of variance, with a case study of Shangdi-Qinghe area in Beijing, and tried to measure the day-to-day variability of travel behavior. Studies show that the difference on daily travel between weekdays and weekends is significant, as suburban residents is mainly constrained by work during weekdays; it is proved that the travel behavior owns inherent regulation during the weekdays, and is also elastic. Among the weekdays, the travel characters showed different, especially on Wednesday the non-working tour peaks during the five days, while the percentage of multi-purpose tours increased on Friday, and the other days stayed even. We also found the difference on travel behavior between Saturdays and Sundays, particularly the meanly travel distance on Sunday was much shorter than that on Saturday, which reflects that the meaning of two days for residents in life is kind of distinction. Residents living in the suburbs have great pressure on work and life, and their daily lives can＇t get away from main trajectory between home and work place.