红皮沙拐枣(Calligonum rubicundum Bge.)果实多态性

Fruit Polymorphism of Calligonum rubicundum Bge.

以红皮沙拐枣(Calligonum rubicundum Bge.)果实形态特征为研究对象,在新疆北部额尔齐斯河流域自然分布区选取了8个居群,进行群落调查、果实收集与室内测量。应用变异系数、方差分析、偏相关分析法,对各居群和样株间果实形态测量数据的统计分析显示:果实的长、宽、大小、形状,瘦果的长、宽、大小、形状,以及果翅深、翅齿深、翅间距、肋间等肋上两翅间夹角14个数量指标均存在显著差异,果实形状、熟果颜色、齿的形状、翅扭曲方向4个质量指标也存在一定差异。研究表明,红皮沙拐枣各居群间果实形态差异显著(P<0.000 1),存在多态性;样株间果实形态也存在一定的多态性。该研究结果为红皮沙拐枣及其相关种类种中下等级的进一步分类提供重要参考,为沙拐枣植物资源的保护和利用提供依据。

8 populations of Calligonum rubicundum Bge. were chose in desert area near the Irtysh river in north Xinjiang. The community was investigated; the fruits were collected and measured. According to the statistical analysis,14 quantity indexes among the populations were significant different including the length of fruit,width of fruit,the length of setae,the fruit form and the fruit size; the length of achenes,width of achenes and the achenes form,the depth of wings,the space between wings,the depth of notch in wings,and the intersection angle between the neighbor wings. And 4 quality indexes including the fruit form,the color of mature fruit,the form of notch,and the prism fx of wings,indexed among the populations were different. The results showed that,the fruit morphology of C. rubicundum is significantly different（ P〈 0. 000 1） among the populations. The fruit polymorphism was not only among the populations,but also among the sample individual plants. The results can provide a valuable reference for C. rubicundum and its related species for further classification of the middle and lower levels of C. rubicundum and the reference for the protection and utilization of C. rubicundum plant resources.